Medication

There are no medications specifically developed to treat Autism. However, several medications used for other conditions that might occur with Autism may help with certain symptoms. Before taking any medication, speak with your physician about your child’s symptoms.

Medications used to help manage the symptoms of Autism fall into several categories:

  • Antipsychotics. Some newer antipsychotic medications may help with aggression, self-harm, and behavioral problems in both children and adults with Autism.
  • Antidepressants. While many people with Autism take antidepressants, scientists are not sure if they actually help with Autism symptoms. Still, they may be useful for treating OCD, depression, and anxiety.
  • Stimulants. Stimulants, generally used to treat ADHD, may also help with overlapping Autism symptoms, including inattention and hyperactivity.
  • Alpha-2 Adrenergic Agonists. In the context of mental health, these medications, particularly guanfacine and clonidine, are sometimes prescribed off-label for conditions like ADHD. Although they are not the first-line treatment for these conditions, their ability to modulate certain aspects of brain function is well-noted by Autism professionals.
  • Anticonvulsants. Some people with Autism also have epilepsy, requiring prescribed anti-seizure medications (Osborn, 2020).

INFORMATION ABOUT LEUCOVORIN (FOLINIC ACID)

The Autism Society of Greater Akron (ASGA) respects the right of individuals and families living with Autism to explore treatment options in partnership with their healthcare team. All treatment decisions should be made in consultation with qualified medical professionals who understand the individual’s unique needs.

ASGA is not a medical provider, and nothing in this document—or any of ASGA’s resources—should be interpreted as medical advice. These materials are intended solely for informational purposes to help the Autism community make informed decisions.

Understanding Leucovorin’s Role in Autism

Folate (vitamin B9) is critical for brain development and plays a role in learning, communication, and emotional regulation. In some individuals with Autism, antibodies can block folate from entering the brain, even when blood levels appear normal. This condition is known as cerebral folate deficiency (CFD).

Leucovorin (folinic acid) is a specialized form of folate that can bypass this blockage, potentially restoring folate levels in the brain. For certain individuals, particularly those who test positive for folate receptor autoantibodies (FRAAs), this may result in improvements in speech, behavior, and social engagement. However, leucovorin is not a cure for Autism, and its effectiveness varies.

What the Research Shows

Some small studies and clinical reports have shown short-term improvements in language and behavior with leucovorin, especially in children with positive FRAA tests. However, these studies have limitations in sample size and design, and results have been inconsistent.

Major professional organizations, including the American Academy of Pediatrics, acknowledge leucovorin’s potential in certain cases but emphasize the need for larger, more robust studies before it can be considered a standard treatment for Autism.

While generally well tolerated, leucovorin may cause side effects such as gastrointestinal discomfort, and in rare cases, more serious reactions like seizures or allergic responses.

If Families Are Considering Leucovorin

While ASGA does not take a position on the use of leucovorin, we support families in accessing accurate information and resources. Families exploring this option may consider the following steps:

  1. Consult a Specialist
    Meet with a developmental pediatrician, neurologist, or integrative physician familiar with Autism and folate metabolism. Some pediatricians may also prescribe leucovorin as awareness grows.
  2. Consult a Specialist
    Meet with a developmental pediatrician, neurologist, or integrative physician familiar with Autism and folate metabolism. Some pediatricians may also prescribe leucovorin as awareness grows.
  3. Request FRAA Testing
    A blood test can identify folate receptor autoantibodies, which may indicate a higher likelihood of benefit from leucovorin. This test is typically ordered by specialists and may be covered by insurance.
  4. Discuss Treatment Options
    If results or symptoms suggest CFD, the physician may recommend leucovorin. Dosage and formulation will be tailored to the child’s needs.

Important Considerations

  • Leucovorin is not a cure for Autism.
  • Not all children with Autism have CFD—testing for FRAAs is key.
  • Effective support for individuals with Autism often involves a personalized combination of therapies, including speech, occupational, educational, and behavioral interventions.
  • Individuals and families should set realistic expectations and monitor progress with their healthcare provider.

Final Thoughts

The Autism Society of Greater Akron is committed to helping families make informed choices by offering access to trustworthy resources, local connections, and community support.

For more information or to request materials or referrals, please contact us directly via email at info@autismakron.org or phone at 330-940-1441.

References and Resources